January 2012 Hackathons – December 26th, 2011

API Evangelist

via January 2012 Hackathons – December 26th, 2011.

Mozilla Firefox 11 将可以同步扩展

cnBeta.COM

via Mozilla Firefox 11 将可以同步扩展.

中国特色的明星代言

FT中文网 聚合全文

via 中国特色的明星代言.

Enjoy Supra shoes with Justin Bibber

There are a lot of super stars in the world, but all of them only one can be named as Justin Bibber.as well as there are a lot of board shoes brands in the world, but only one can be called supra. Skate boarding is the show of the stunts. So if you’re a guy who skate boards, it is indispensable for you to find the right type of skate shoe. Here is the suggestion from Justin Bibber; he chose the Supra shoes, so it’s a good choice for you to have a try.

Supra is a company specialized in skate and street footwear? Founded in 2006, In American, Supra Shoes shortly has become one of the most popular shoes on the market.it is loved not only by more and more youngsters, but also even many famous celebrities are fond of it, many occasions they wear it on. This version of supra skytop shoes for Justin Bibber is really a perfect combination of unique appearance, good looking, and first class performance. It is not only fashionable but also designed with advanced technology, these advantages make Supra Shoes become a symbol of fashion, beauty, tide, and it achieves itself a place in the field of skate board shoes. What’s more is the pretty surface; every pair of Supra Shoes is made of seriously selected materials and fine workmanship. There are a lot of Cheap Supra Shoes on site; you can choose your right shoes here. For instance, there are Supra Skytop, Surpra muska, Supra Vaider, Supra TK Society, Justin Bibber Shoes. So what are you waiting for? Please grab this chance, don’t let the stylish supra Shoes run away from your eyes, enjoy supra shoes with Justin Bibber!

杨洁篪在联大会上 要求美纠正售台武器错误做法

[联合早报]
中国大陆加大对美国对台军售的抗议,继国防部、外交部和国台办之后,在美国纽
约出席联合国大会的中国外交部长杨洁篪也严正表态,呼吁美国纠正售台 武器的
错误做法,立即撤销售台武器的错误决定,停止对台军售和美台军事联系,“以实
际行动维护中美关系大局和台海和平稳定”。

   而就在中美关系因美对台军售而生波澜的时候,美国驻华大使骆家辉乘飞机
坐经济舱,身边没有大量随从,以及背双肩包等“平民化”作风也引来中 国媒体的
批 评。《环球时报》前天发表社评指,骆家辉的个人“生活秀”大大超过一个大使本
应扮演的舆论角色,“希望他好好做美国驻华大使”。

  在美国对台军售问题上,杨洁篪在纽约时间22日向美国美中关系全国委员会和
美中贸委会发表关于中美关系的讲话时表示,美国必须充分认清 美售台武器问题
的高度敏感性和严重危害性,高度重视和严肃对待中国的严正立场。

   中国官方媒体新华社报道,杨洁篪指责美方近日不顾中方坚决反对,无视两
岸关系改善、和平发展的局面,“再次做出大规模售台武器的错误决 定”,美国的
行径 严重违反中美三个联合公报特别是“八一七”公报原则,严重干涉中国内政,
严重损害中国国家安全,“严重损害中国和平统一大业和中美关系”。

   不过,尽管中国官方连日来密集向美国抗议对台出售58.5亿美元(74.73亿新
元)军备,但中国至今并未采取具体报复行动,也未宣布要中 断中美军事交 流。
2008年,美国向台湾出售逾60亿美元的先进武器,以及2010年美国再次宣布出售近
64亿美元军备给台湾,大陆都宣布中断与美国的军 事交流。

  中共机关报《人民日报》属下《环球时报》昨天发表社评,呼吁中国政府在美国对
台军售问题上,不要只做口头抗议。

   社评说,美对台军售只是中美之间的问题之一,即使中国采取超过以往的报
复措施,中美关系也大概伤害不到哪去,它有足够的力量让这个伤害逐渐 复原,
“如果 我们真的很愤怒,就不应怕我们的报复会让美国反过来很愤怒”,“如果我们
只是装出愤怒的样子,有关部门应找出其他展示外交姿态的办法,而没必 要让中
国社会 跟着一起表态”。

  社评认为,中国的语言抗议强于行动上的报复,削弱了中方抗议和威胁本应具
有的“严重性”,中国作为大国的政治信用实际上在打折扣,中国 公众尤其会对中
方“抗议声大,实际报复少”感到憋气。

  根据1982年中美“八一七公报”,美国政府曾经承诺,“不寻求执行一项长期向
台出售武器的政策”,“准备逐步减少对台湾的武器出售, 并经过一段时间导致最
后的解决”。不过,美国也一直以1979年国内法《台湾关系法》为依据,给台湾出售
武器。
中国大陆加大对美国对台军售的抗议,继国防部、外交部和国台办之后,在美国纽
约出席联合国大会的中国外交部长杨洁篪也严正表态,呼吁美国纠正 售台武器的
错误做法,立即撤销售台武器的错误决定,停止对台军售和美台军事联系,“以实
际行动维护中美关系大局和台海和平稳定”。

   而就在中美关系因美对台军售而生波澜的时候,美国驻华大使骆家辉乘飞机
坐经济舱,身边没有大量随从,以及背双肩包等“平民化”作风也引来中 国媒体的
批 评。《环球时报》前天发表社评指,骆家辉的个人“生活秀”大大超过一个大使本
应扮演的舆论角色,“希望他好好做美国驻华大使”。

  在美国对台军售问题上,杨洁篪在纽约时间22日向美国美中关系全国委员会和
美中贸委会发表关于中美关系的讲话时表示,美国必须充分认清 美售台武器问题
的高度敏感性和严重危害性,高度重视和严肃对待中国的严正立场。

   中国官方媒体新华社报道,杨洁篪指责美方近日不顾中方坚决反对,无视两
岸关系改善、和平发展的局面,“再次做出大规模售台武器的错误决 定”,美国的
行径 严重违反中美三个联合公报特别是“八一七”公报原则,严重干涉中国内政,
严重损害中国国家安全,“严重损害中国和平统一大业和中美关系”。

   不过,尽管中国官方连日来密集向美国抗议对台出售58.5亿美元(74.73亿新
元)军备,但中国至今并未采取具体报复行动,也未宣布要中 断中美军事交 流。
2008年,美国向台湾出售逾60亿美元的先进武器,以及2010年美国再次宣布出售近
64亿美元军备给台湾,大陆都宣布中断与美国的军 事交流。

  中共机关报《人民日报》属下《环球时报》昨天发表社评,呼吁中国政府在美国对
台军售问题上,不要只做口头抗议。

   社评说,美对台军售只是中美之间的问题之一,即使中国采取超过以往的报
复措施,中美关系也大概伤害不到哪去,它有足够的力量让这个伤害逐渐 复原,
“如果 我们真的很愤怒,就不应怕我们的报复会让美国反过来很愤怒”,“如果我们
只是装出愤怒的样子,有关部门应找出其他展示外交姿态的办法,而没必 要让中
国社会 跟着一起表态”。

  社评认为,中国的语言抗议强于行动上的报复,削弱了中方抗议和威胁本应具
有的“严重性”,中国作为大国的政治信用实际上在打折扣,中国 公众尤其会对中
方“抗议声大,实际报复少”感到憋气。

  根据1982年中美“八一七公报”,美国政府曾经承诺,“不寻求执行一项长期向
台出售武器的政策”,“准备逐步减少对台湾的武器出售, 并经过一段时间导致最
后的解决”。不过,美国也一直以1979年国内法《台湾关系法》为依据,给台湾出售
武器。

好文转载:40个非常有用的设计师Fireworks教程

在最初开始的网页设计我一直都用Fireworks来设计。虽然之后基本都是用Photoshop来设计网页,但是要说细节和专业性还是 Fireworks更强些,定位性更强吧!大多数网页设计师都会运用Fireworks来设计网站,从最开始的雏形,到最后的定稿,Fireworks都 能帮助你设计出华丽的页面。下面是网络搜集到的40个Fireworks教程,能给你更多设计创意的启示。

在 Fireworks中创建夕阳无限

在本教程中,您将学习如何创建与光衰减在Fireworks中的线性向量一些很酷的效果。它 真的很容易做,只需要几分钟。创建褪色灯使用向量,然后将其转换成位图的这些载体,并学会使用 Fireworks CS3中的影响。

\

在Fireworks Abduzeetles Rockband网站

我们要使用本教程漂亮的命令,以及什么是真正酷的是试图测试的每一步,其他颜色,其他形状,一直探索的每一个工具 的整个potencial上的其他值。

\

网 页设计教程

在本教程中的艺术家会告诉你他是如何使用Fireworks创建一个beutiful网页布局。

\

在 Fireworks中的LED Cinema Display

艺术家将在本教程教你如何在Fireworks中创建一个美丽的LED Cinema Display显示器。

\

在 Fireworks教程的卷页

在本教程中的艺术家会告诉你如何添加一个时尚的页面卷曲您的图像的角落。要开始,让我 们得到的图像,我们可以添加页面卷曲。

\

真 棒光的影响

在本教程中,您将学习如何创建在由詹姆斯 怀特的O系列灵感的烟花可怕的灯光效果。

\

混 合模式效果

本教程教你如何使用Fireworks创建一个混合模式,并假定您熟悉一些设计软件,即使你是新的Adobe烟 花。不过放心,可以通过我们的详细说明,甚至一个总的新手。

\

简 单宝珠教程

简单宝珠教程是一个非常简单的的技术,还可以添加到您的设计的一些戏剧性的接触。这只 是一个层对象,但你可以复制一遍又一遍,并改变大小。

\

在 Fireworks中的简易相机图标

在本教程中的艺术家将向您展示如何创建一个在Fireworks中的相机图标。艺术家 将集中在镜头上漂亮多了,但你会看到,以创建一个逼真的效果,梯度打它的所有。

\

如 何快速原型

在本教程中,艺术家以上的一些功能,可以帮助快速​​原型,如合适的画布上的按钮和优化面板,。

\

使 用Adobe Fireworks创建AIR应用程序

汤姆格林在本教程中,展示了如何设计一个简单的Flex应用程序和出口从Fireworks。

\

Photoshop 图像到Web使用Fireworks CS4中

汤姆格林展示了如何使烟花Photoshop图像导出为一个HTML文件。

\

创 造一个充满活力的数字拼贴混合建筑物纸矢量形状

在本教程中,您将学习如何使用Fireworks CS3和Illustrator CS3的一起。您 将创建一些说明性的向量元素添加到最终组成。您还可以组合照片和灯光效果。了 解如何使用一个凉爽的文件的背景和技巧,以提高您的工作流程。

\

建 立促销iPhone应用程序在Fireworks网站线框

在本教程中,我们将讨论创建一个iPhone应用程序的网站,在Fireworks的线框的设计过程。

\

创 建一个惊人的Palm烟花前的图标

本教程将向您展示如何在Fireworks中创建Palm Pre的帧的图标。

\

在 Fireworks和Photoshop真棒花香型

在本教程中,我们将使用Adobe Fireworks和Adobe Photoshop的。其 实,整体效果将在Firewors完成,然后在Photoshop中,我们将添加一些纹理和一个旧纸的背景效果。

\

扭 曲和褪色技术

在本教程中,您将学习如何创建使用Adobe Fireworks CS4中的一些有趣的抽象效果。本 教程介绍了如何一个单独的图像/矢量可以转换成各种图像/使用的属性,如步骤,间距,旋转和不透明度的向量。

\

公 路登录

在本教程中,您将学习如何创建一个惊人的公路注册。

\

创 建一个夜景

在本教程中,我们将学习如何创建一个烟花的美丽夜景。

\

如 何在Adobe烟花的背景模糊

在本教程中,您将学习如何将数码照片的背景模糊的Adobe烟花在非破坏性的方式。

\

3D 文字

在本教程中,您将学习如何在Fireworks中创建一个优秀的的3D文字。

\

点 阵效果

在本教程中,您将学习如何创建点阵效果。

\

条 码

本教程将向您展示如何创建一个为任何目的的条形码。

\

使 用Fireworks CS5和设备中央CS5的移动工作流

LIZ迈尔斯在本教程中会告诉你如何利用中央在这些共同的工作流程与设备相结合的烟花电源:

\

交 互设计和快速原型与烟花

大卫霍格在以下四个简短的视频演示,演示如何使用Adobe Fireworks CS4中的信息和交互设计,并快速创建交互式原型,如何使用烟花作为一种设计工具,适合到您的完整的设计过程中,从概念到发展。

\

原 型为苹果使用Fireworks的iPhone

本教程介绍了如何使用一些脚本,使您的Fireworks原型工作为苹果iPhone。

\

使得达思的Andr ​​oid

在本教程中,您将学习如何制作达思的Andr​​oid。

\

设计一 个网站在Fireworks CS4

在这个最大会议,XD的保罗多利安显示与会者如何来使用烟花CS4的快速原型网站,应用程序接口,和其它交互式设 计的,然后输出其设计的Adobe AIR,Flash CS4 Professional中的Flex,HTML,或基于CSS的版面。保罗也分享了新的 Fireworks用户界面和核心功能,如一致的文本处理,使大部分的技巧,通过在Adobe文本引擎。

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如 何使用Adobe Fireworks简单的3D文字

创建三维文字使用Adobe Fireworks是非常简单的工作。下面是一个快速教 程如何在几步有趣的3D字母,只使用一层。

\

创 建一个条形码

本教程将向您展示如何创建一个为任何目的的条形码。

\

提 取标识

本教程演示了如何提取光栅图像标识和/或字型,使用只有Adobe ®烟花®“动态滤镜。使 用这种方法,你也可以选择重彩,无论如何你想解除标志:纯色,渐变,或质感。所有这一切,同时避免快速和 肮脏的棒工具的诱惑

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如 何创建一个厚厚的文字大纲

在本教程中,您将学习如何创建一个厚厚的文字大纲。

\

图 片模糊效果

在本教程中,您将学习如何部分模糊照片或图像的一部分,使用Adobe烟花CS4/CS5重点。下 面的图片展示了我们如何模糊的背景,将帮助您创建一步一步。

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优 化照片

在本教程中的艺术家将显示旧的或下饱和的画面和优化的基础。

\

添 加在文本中的径向渐变

这是一个良好的海报艺术的尖端。径向渐变在粗体文本添加香料的事情。如 果你厌倦了使用边界和斜面,试试这个。

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Papel DE Parede 2009

了解如何创建一个在Adobe烟花草文字效果。

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光 绘

如何在Fireworks中创建的光绘。

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设 计一个媒体播放器皮肤

在本教程中,您将学习如何在Fireworks中创建一个媒体播放器的皮肤。

\

设 计一个网站应用程序

本教程将向您创建一个网站在Adobe烟花应用程序的过程中,CS4中,从原来的页面设计素描线框发展,创造的最 终设计。将覆盖所有的重要工具和指示,在这篇文章中,以帮助您马上开始创建网站,并在Fireworks CS4设计。

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烟花101

在此tutoria,您将学习如何发挥与路径相结合,减去等等。你也将最终建立一个标 志。

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夜 视效果

本教程演示了如何在Fireworks MX 2004中的形象给夜视效果。

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Museums have festive Sunday

> Crookston, Minn. —
>
> Crookston museums held their annual fall celebrations on Sunday, both of > which were very well attended, with lots of activities for people of all > ages.
>
> The Harvest Festival at Red River Valley Sugar Beet Museum had visitors > trying their hand at beet harvesting and wheat threshing the > old-fashioned way, as well as learning about the many pieces of vintage > equipment spread across the museum grounds.
>
> Pioneer Day at Polk County Museum had “pioneer” women preparing and > serving their signature fry bread, various demonstrations and musical > entertainment by three different groups: O’Neill Family Musicians, > Greater Crookston Area Mens Chorus and The WoodPicks. The additional > music this year was made possible by funds from Minnesota’s Arts and > Cultural Heritage program through the clean water, land and legacy > amendment.
>

雅虎重振雄风需要走五步棋

巴茨被解雇是一个杯具也是一个喜剧,去领导一个古老的互联网巨头并非易事,就算是马云做雅虎CEO也不行,马云在国内有很高的声望和名气,但 领先 全 球的美国科技界还不至于让一个亚洲分公司的CEO来做全球CEO。也就是说马云不适合做雅虎CEO,媒体说马云是最佳人选是完全胡扯。
1、马云负责的中国雅虎一败再败,已经在中国同行里几乎被忽略不计,中国雅虎在搜索、空间、邮箱等诸多基础领域都丧失了竞争力,唯一一 款不 错的统计也被转移到淘宝旗下。

2、马云把中国雅虎的资源都转移到亲儿子淘宝等站点,中国雅虎沦为一个烂尾楼。

3、阿里系并不是科技创新的领导企业,而是其雄厚的资本优势。

4、雅虎的人根本不服马云,更不服所谓的阿里文化。

5、雅虎的技术水平并不是很差,缺少的是精神和方向,需要走在科技前沿的人做CEO。

笔者列举马云不适合做雅虎CEO的理由之后,也思考了雅虎如何重振雄风的问题,我认为雅虎需要从下面五个方面大力改革。

1、内部IT系统的2.0升级。把过去老迈的企业IT系统重新设计并升级,把员工的工作体验放在最 重要 的位置上,让雅虎所有员工感到雅虎的创新和进步。

2、收购tumblr或twitter。这两家公司注定是新媒体领域的王者,雅虎收购这两家公司可 以把 自己的内容优势继续保持下去,并且获得大量创新型人才。

3、花大力气改良yahoo mail。yahoo mail作为雅虎重要的基础产品,目前在anti-spam 、socialize方面一直落后于gmail,建议雅虎在全球范围内进行mail大扫除和升级改良,让yahoo mail保持高使用率是维系雅虎继续前进的重要步骤。

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Why Can’t American Students Compete?(extract from NEWSWEEK)

Twice as many students in Singapore are proficient in math as in the United States. (Even ‘brainy’ Massachusetts lags behind Liechtenstein.)

“We know what it takes to compete for the jobs and industries of our time,” President Obama said in his State of the Union address this year. “We need to out-innovate, out-educate, and outbuild the rest of the world.” Yet despite the economic crisis facing the country, the U.S. educational system remains frozen in place, unable to adapt to contemporary global realities.

As all schoolchildren know, water freezes to solid, barren, cracked ice at 32 degrees Fahrenheit. So maybe it is more than a mere coincidence that 32 percent of U.S. public and private-school students in the class of 2011 are deemed proficient in mathematics, placing the United States 32nd among the 65 nations that participated in the latest international tests administered by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The United States ranks between Portugal and Italy and far behind South Korea, Finland, Canada, and the Netherlands, to say nothing of the city of Shanghai, with its 75 percent proficiency rate.

We became aware of the seriousness of the problem after we equated, with the help of colleagues, the test scores of the class of 2011 on the latest international test when this class was in 10th grade, with its prior eighth-grade scores on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), an official U.S. test that both assesses performance of U.S. students and sets the standard for “proficiency.”

See NEWSWEEK’s 2011 College Rankings

Scott Barrow / Williams College

Linking these tests also allowed us to compare the performance of students in each state with that of students in other countries. The results are scary. Even in Massachusetts, with its renowned collection of public and private schools, students reach only the level attained by students in the entire nations of Canada, Japan, and Switzerland. Massachusetts, the only U.S. state with a majority of students (51 percent) above the proficiency mark, trails well behind students in South Korea and Finland, as well as those in top-performing Shanghai.

The percentage proficient in the state of New York (30 percent) is equivalent to that achieved by students in debt-ridden Portugal and Spain. California, the home of highly skilled Silicon Valley, has a math proficiency rate of 24 percent, the same as bankrupt Greece and just a notch above struggling Russia. By the time we get down to New Mexico and Mississippi, we are making comparisons with Serbia and Bulgaria (see graphic on next page).

President Obama, to his credit, has highlighted the problem repeatedly. But too many state education officials have done their best to obfuscate the low performance of their students. Under the educational accountability rules set down by the federal law No Child Left Behind, each state may set its own proficiency standard, and most have set their standards well below the world-class level. As a result, most state proficiency reports grossly inflate the percentage of students who are proficient, if we account for the fact that our students need to compete not just with others from the same state but also with those across the globe.

When not obfuscating the problem, apologists explain away the dismal results with misleading arguments. Some point to the country’s large immigrant and disadvantaged populations, which, to be sure, do pose difficult educational challenges. Proficiency rates among African-Americans and Hispanics are very low (11 and 15 percent, respectively). But if one compares only the white students in the U.S. with all students in other countries, the U.S. still falls short: only 42 percent are proficient, which would place them at 17th in the world compared with all of the students in other nations. The only positive sign is the majority of Asian students in the United States (52 percent) who score at or above the proficiency level.

When our results were first released, one school-board member in Loudoun County, a wealthy suburb of Washington, D.C., explained away the results: “In many countries, poor-performing children are filtered out of high school, whereas in the U.S., we test all our students, both great and not so great. So the comparison is not on a level playing field.” That might have been true some decades ago when only a few countries followed the United States’ emphasis on universal education and thus left many students out of school and unavailable for testing. But today the U.S. actually graduates fewer students from high school than the average developed country, completely eliminating any claim that the U.S. is testing a broader range of the youth population.

Some also take false comfort in the belief that it takes only a limited number of high-flying students to fill the jobs at Google, Facebook, IBM, and all the other businesses and professions that need highly skilled talent. The United States is still great at producing the advanced students needed to power economic growth, it is thought.

But the United States is not doing any better by its very best students than by the rest of them. Only 7 percent of U.S. students perform at the advanced level in math, putting the country significantly behind 25 other nations. Forty-five percent of the students in Shanghai are advanced in math, as are 20 percent in South Korea and Switzerland. Fifteen percent of the students score at or above the advanced level in six other key countries: Japan, Belgium, Finland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Canada. In all of them, the percentage achieving at the advanced level is more than twice that of the United States.

Still others say the low math scores are offset by a better record in reading. Admittedly the proficiency rate in only 10 countries is significantly higher than in the U.S. If not the world leader, the United States’ record is at least better than average. Nonetheless, the set of skills most needed for sustained growth in economic productivity—and the skills in shortest supply today—are those rooted in math competencies. Our future scientists and engineers—the engine of U.S. innovation—come from those with high math skills. While Silicon Valley could possibly be fueled by importing skilled workers from abroad, we should not continue to count on this in today’s globalized world. Even if we could, it is hardly fair to our own young people to count them out of the country’s best jobs.

According to our best calculations, the U.S. could enjoy a remarkable increment in its annual per capita GDP growth by enhancing the math proficiency of its students. Increasing the percentage of proficient students to the levels attained in Canada and South Korea would increase the annual U.S. growth rate by 0.9 percentage points and 1.3 percentage points, respectively. Since long-term average annual growth rates hover between 2 and 3 percentage points, that increment would lift growth rates by between 30 and 50 percent.

When translated into dollar terms according to the historical patterns, we see very different futures for the United States, depending on whether or not our schools are improved. If one calculates increases in national income from projections over an 80-year period (providing for a 20-year delay before any school reform is completed and newly proficient students begin their working careers), the present value of gains amounts to some $75 trillion for reaching the performance levels of Canada. These additions can be compared with our current GDP of $15 trillion or the $1 trillion spent to stimulate the economy out of recession.

It is easy for political leaders to myopically put off considerations of effective school reform. The economic benefits from reform would not be felt immediately, as it takes time for an educated generation to become a productive workforce. But just as the continuing debt crisis, if not fixed, will escalate out of control only over the longer term, so the best available solution to that crisis—a fully unfrozen, high-functioning, constantly improving educational system—could raise the level of human capital to the point where resources would be available to address much of this future debt crisis. In the simplest terms, the impending fiscal crises with Social Security and Medicare are most effectively dealt with by enhanced growth of the economy, growth that will not be achieved without a highly skilled workforce.

In the words of Charles Vest, the former president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology: “The enemy I fear most is complacency. We are about to be hit by the full force of global competition. If we continue to ignore the obvious task at hand…our children and grandchildren will pay the price.”

Now is the time to break the ice.

Hanushek is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution of Stanford University. Peterson, professor of government and director of Harvard’s Program on Education Policy and Governance, is also a senior fellow of the Hoover Institution. Both are members of its Koret Task Force on K-12 Education.

China never seeks hegemony: white paper

BEIJING – China never engages in aggression or expansion, and never seeks hegemony, says the white paper (full text) on China’s development issued Tuesday by the Information Office of the State Council.

The Chinese nation loves peace.  From their bitter sufferings from war and poverty in modern times, the Chinese people have learned the value of peace and the pressing need of development, says the white paper.

They see that only peace can allow them to live and work in prosperity and contentment and that only development can bring them decent living, it says.

“Therefore, the central goal of China’s diplomacy is to create a peaceful and stable international environment for its development,”  it says.

In the meantime, China strives to make its due contribution to world peace and development. It never engages in aggression or expansion, never seeks hegemony, and remains a staunch force for upholding regional and world peace and stability, according to the white paper.

The white paper introduced the path, objective and foreign policy of the peaceful development and elaborated on what China’s peaceful development means to the rest of the world.

Stressing China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development, the white paper says this is “a path of scientific, independent, open, peaceful, cooperative and common development.”

“Viewed in the broader, global and historical context, the path of peaceful development may be defined as follows: China should develop itself through upholding world peace and contribute to world peace through its own development,” says the white paper.

The country should achieve development with its own efforts and by carrying out reform and innovation. At the same time, it should open itself to the outside and learn from other countries, it says.

China should seek mutual benefit and common development with other countries in keeping with the trend of economic globalization, and it should work together with other countries to build a harmonious world of durable peace and common prosperity, it says.

The white paper reiterated that peaceful development is a strategic choice made by China to realize modernization, make itself strong and prosperous, and make more contribution to the progress of human civilization.

China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development, it says.

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